答案詳解
41.【解析】[C] 從前后文表達(dá)的語(yǔ)義來(lái)看,前文的第一句話表明了本段的主題He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left。試題后面的句子是In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days,兩者的側(cè)重點(diǎn)都集中在lost(輸錢(qián))上,同是前后文中都出現(xiàn)了一些數(shù)字加以說(shuō)明,因此從語(yǔ)義上判斷,要填入的內(nèi)容一定和此人輸錢(qián)有關(guān),同時(shí)選項(xiàng)中很可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)數(shù)字。對(duì)比選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)[C]中出現(xiàn)了$5,000和$5,500和前后文的數(shù)字形成照應(yīng),由于其他選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有任何數(shù)字,考生應(yīng)該很快能看出這個(gè)答案。此外,從語(yǔ)義邏輯上看,試題所在的選項(xiàng)句和試題后面的一句其實(shí)是用具體的事實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)在描述David Williams的賭癮越來(lái)越大,兩者的語(yǔ)義邏輯表達(dá)方向一致,因此選項(xiàng)[C]是正確答案。
42.【解析】[A] 空格前面一句the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or wellbeing的主語(yǔ)是letter,letter后面的賓語(yǔ)從句講的是letter的內(nèi)容:David Williams在進(jìn)入賭場(chǎng)之前要提交能證明不會(huì)對(duì)他的人身安全和財(cái)務(wù)造成威脅的信息。緊接著這句話的句子所表達(dá)的信息應(yīng)當(dāng)還要提及關(guān)于信件(letter)及其內(nèi)容的信息,因此要填入的選項(xiàng)要表達(dá)這一方面的內(nèi)容,才能在語(yǔ)義上和上文連貫。比較選項(xiàng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),選項(xiàng)[A]中出現(xiàn)了letter的同義詞mail,同時(shí)從內(nèi)容上分析,選項(xiàng)[A]中的Although no such evidence was presented和上文中的he would have to present medical/psychological…語(yǔ)義上銜接緊密,語(yǔ)義連貫。因此選項(xiàng)[A]是正確答案。
43.【解析】[B]試題前提到Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino, knowing he was "helplessly addicted to gambling", intentionally worked to "lure" him to "engage in conduct against his will"(Williams提出指控,Casino明明知道他無(wú)可救藥地迷戀上賭博,還故意引誘他從事違背他意愿的活動(dòng))。注意空格前文字中的 "lure"和"will"兩詞,在這里分別表示"誘惑"和"意愿"。"lure" him to "engage in conduct…"是這段話表述的重點(diǎn),通過(guò)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的方法我們很容易地發(fā)現(xiàn),選項(xiàng)[B]It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative?是對(duì)這一句話的補(bǔ)充和說(shuō)明,里面同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了lure和will,因此,應(yīng)當(dāng)是正確答案。 44. 【解析】[F] 首先可以利用詞匯同現(xiàn)的方法解答此題,試題前句的diagnostic(診斷上的),選項(xiàng)中的medicalize(醫(yī)學(xué)化)以及空格后面的physical(身體上的)雖然不是近義詞或同義詞,但很明顯它們屬于同一醫(yī)學(xué)范疇,因此屬于同一范疇詞匯對(duì)應(yīng);其次,還可以利用結(jié)構(gòu)銜接法,選項(xiàng)中的defining as(注意選項(xiàng)中有倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),原結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是define …as…)與空格后的reclassifying…as…是近義詞表達(dá)法,都是表示"歸類(lèi)為,定義為";再次,可以利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法,選項(xiàng)中的weakness of will ( 意志上的弱點(diǎn))和空格后句中的character flaws(性格的缺陷)是上下義詞的關(guān)系,前者屬于后者。
45.【解析】[D] 首先,本題可以通過(guò)分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文的語(yǔ)義邏輯關(guān)系獲得正確答案。本題處于最后一段第一句話的位置,空格后面的Fortyfour states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on-you might say addicted to-revenues from wagering(44個(gè)州發(fā)行各種彩票,29個(gè)州開(kāi)設(shè)賭場(chǎng),大多數(shù)州在不同程度上依賴于賭場(chǎng)收入)是一個(gè)具體例子,它所說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題正是要填入的內(nèi)容。通過(guò)對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可知,選項(xiàng)[D]Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever(賭博已經(jīng)成為美國(guó)生活中一個(gè)司空見(jiàn)慣的現(xiàn)象)和下文的例子之間形成了總結(jié)例證的邏輯關(guān)系,因此是正確答案。
本題還可以采用詞匯同現(xiàn)法來(lái)解答。試題后句中的revenues(收入)一詞是個(gè)專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),特指國(guó)家政府的財(cái)政收入,它與試題后的government屬于同一范疇詞匯對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。
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