掃描/長按下面二維碼 |
掃描/長按下面二維碼 |
考試采取“一題多卷”模式,試題答案順序不統(tǒng)一,請依據(jù)試題進行核對。
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text。 Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points)
Trust is a tricky business。 On the one hand, it‘s a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc。 On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3。
4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good。 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another。 Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else。
11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us。 A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one。 Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container。 The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15。 Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them。
Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership。 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity。
1。 [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from
2。 [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest
3。 [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price
4。 [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again
5。 [A]Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When
6。 [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains
7。 [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare
8。 [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]to
9。 [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle
10。[A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D]supporters
11。[A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic
12。[A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight
13。[A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over
14。[A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted
15。[A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside
16。[A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] 。remembered
17。[A] betrayed [B]wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked
18。[A] forced [B] willing [C] hesitant [D] entitled
19。[A] In contrast [B] As a result [C] On the whole [D] For instance
20。[A] inflexible [B] incapable [C] unreliable [D] unsuitable
參考答案及解析:
1、[答案][B] for
[解析]此處考察介詞的用法。it’s a necessary condition ____ many worthwhile things (信任是一個必要條件_____許多重要事情) 此處應該是說,信任對許多重要事情來說是一個必要條件。B選項for(對。。。來說)符合語義,故為正確答案;A選項from(來自于),C選項like(像。。。),D選項on(關于)語義不恰當,故排除。
2、[答案][C] faith
[解析]此處考察詞義辨析和中心一致性原則。第一段首句提出主題句:trust is a tricky business (信任是一個奇怪的東西)。后面進一步對該主題句進行解釋說明:On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition ___ for ___ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc。 (一方面,信任對許多重要事情來說是必要條件,比如照看孩子,友誼等),這句話在說信任的好處。On the other hand, putting your ___ in the wrong place often carries a high ____。 (另一方面,把。。。放在錯誤的地方往往會帶來巨大。。。),顯然這句話依舊在解釋主題詞“trust”,只有C選項faith(信任、忠誠)與trust屬于近義詞復現(xiàn),故正確答案為[C] faith。
3、[答案][B] price
[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。第一段首句提出主題句:trust is a tricky business(信任是一個奇怪的東西)。后面進一步對該主題句進行解釋說明:On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition __ for __ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc。 (一方面,信任對許多重要事情來說是必要條件,比如照看孩子,友誼等),這句話在說信任的好處。On the other hand, putting your ___ in the wrong place often carries a high____。 (另一方面,把。。。放在錯誤的地方往往會帶來巨大。。。),顯然這句話依舊在解釋主題詞“trust”,并且根據(jù)空格所在句中的關鍵詞“wrong place”,本句應該在說信任不當?shù)谋锥,所以空格處應該填入一個負向感情色彩的詞,故A選項benefit和D選項hope排除,而C選項debt(債務)帶入之后語義不當,故正確答案為[B] price(代價)。
4、[答案][D] Then
[解析]此處考察邏輯關系。上段講述的是信任的好處和信任不當?shù)谋锥恕5诙味问滋岢鰡栴}:“_____我們?yōu)槭裁匆湃巍。只有D選項then(那么)填入后能形成順暢的語義和邏輯關系。故正確答案為D then(那么)。A選項again(再次)表示強調;B選項instead(但是、然而)表示轉折;C選項therefore(因此)表示結果,不符合要求,故排除。
5、[答案][A] When
[解析]此處考察邏輯關系?崭袼诰浜x為:______人們信任一個人或一個組織機構,他們的大腦會釋放催產素。只有A選項when(當。。時候)填入后符合邏輯要求,故正確答案為A選項when。其他三個選項B選項unless(如果不)表條件,C選項although(盡管)表讓步,D選項until(直到。。。)表時間,帶入后均語義不通順,故排除。
6、[答案][C] produce
[解析]此處考察動賓搭配問題。上文指出:When people place their trust in an …their brains release oxytocin, a hormone。上文指出當人們產生信任感,大腦就會產生一種荷爾蒙,后面是定語從句,句內的動賓搭配, 可推知這個荷爾蒙能產生令人愉悅的情緒, 并且與后面的trigger同義復現(xiàn),因此C 。produce 正確。
7、[答案][A] connect
[解析]此處考察上下文信息照應題。上文講到這種荷爾蒙能夠激發(fā)一種群居本能,the herding instinct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and promote …with one another,這種本能有兩個作用,并用and 連接,所以復現(xiàn)同義and 前面的flock together。 因此選擇A。 connect
8、[答案][B] to
[解析]此處考察上下語境下的名詞介詞搭配問題。根據(jù)上文的結論,下文實驗展開分析,Swiss scientists have found that exposure to this hormone puts us…。所以研究中要求受試者要先處于這種環(huán)境中,所以名詞exposure to 構成搭配語義關系,表示“接觸”的意思,因此選擇to。
9、[答案][D] mood
[解析]此處考察上下文的信息對應和句內信息對應。上文提到身體會產生荷爾蒙,會給你帶來一種愉悅的情緒pleasurable feelings,這個上文結論。實驗中exposure to this hormone puts us in a trusting …,因此,根據(jù)上下文,試驗中,處于這種荷爾蒙環(huán)境中,會給人帶來情緒;語氣;心境;。因此選擇 mood。
10、[答案][A] counterparts
[解析]此處考察上下文的信息對應和句內信息對應。上文指出,In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects ,可推知本句再講與另外一組受試者比較。故選擇A。counterparts。 相對物,相對應的人。
11、[答案][C] Lucky
[解析]此處考察上下文的邏輯關系。因為這個句子當中有個詞also,說明前文和后文情感是一致的關系。說我們有這兩種天賦,對大家來說都是好事,所以需要選擇一個正向的情感色彩。只能選擇lucky。A選項odd 奇怪的是,B選項funny 有趣的是,D選項ironic 諷刺的是,皆不符合文意。
12、[答案][A] protect
[解析]此處考察上下文的成分搭配。因為這個句子當中有個詞also,說明前文和后文情感是并列平行關系,前后情感應該一致。所以此處只能選擇protect 保護我們,符合文意。B選項delight 使高興; C 選項 surprise 使震驚;D選項monitor 監(jiān)控皆不符合文意。
13、[答案][D] between
[解析]此處考察固定搭配。differentiate between A and B。 介詞between表示在A和B之間 , 原文含義為:“4個月大的孩子可以區(qū)分出一個可信的人和一個不誠實的人”。
14、[答案][C] introduced
[解析]此處考察成分搭配。原文表達: Sixty toddlers were each______ to an adult tester holding a plastic container。 只有C選項be introduced to sth表示“初次認識某事物”,符合文意。A 選項added 添加;B選項transferred轉移;D選項 entrusted 委托,皆不符合文意。
15、[答案][B] inside
[解析]此處考察介詞搭配及詞義復現(xiàn)。原文表達:“What’s in here?” before looking into the container…… Each subject was then invited to _________。 只有選擇B選項inside 才能和前文所表達的in here和looking into一脈相承。
16、[答案][D] discovered
[解析]此處考察詞義復現(xiàn),屬于句子內部的顯性線索。根據(jù)原文Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty… 這是用分號并列的連個句子,都是在講試驗的結果句型結構基本一致,前半句再講一半的受測者在盒子里面找到了玩具,后半句肯定是再說另半會怎么樣,兩個小分句的結構基本一致Half of them = the other half,found=16,a toy= the container was empty,所以16題填入的應該是found的同義詞,發(fā)現(xiàn)的含義,故D為正確選項。
17、[答案][A] fooled
[解析]此處句間邏輯關系,屬于句子內部的顯性線索。—and realized the tester had 17 them,此句位于破折號后面,是對前面意思的解釋說明。前面提到另一半人發(fā)現(xiàn)盒子是空的,并且意識到測試者對他們怎么樣,既然盒子是空的那么肯定認識到測試者是在戲弄他們,所以作對此題必須要理解tester測試者是主語,賓語是them指的是受測者,主語的意思決定了謂語動詞的含義為戲弄,故A fooled為正確選項。
18、[答案][B] willing
[解析] 此處考察搭配關系,屬于句子內部的顯性線索。Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership。 根據(jù)句子結構我們可以看出逗號之前是一個介詞短語意為在所有沒有被戲弄過的孩子里面,大多數(shù)的孩子在習得一種新技能的時候與測試者的合作是怎么樣的,demonstrating that they trusted his leadership表明這些孩子信任他的領導,所以既然信任他們就是愿意與其合作,故選擇B。 willing,與were willing to 構成固定搭配,意為愿意。
19、[答案][D] In contrast
[解析]此處考察句間的邏輯關系。19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20” tester participated in a follow-up activity。 通過該句中的only僅僅,可以看出與上文的 the majority of 形成鮮明的對比,19題應該填入的應該是表示轉折,與上文形成對比的邏輯關系詞。分析四個選項A表示總結,B表示結果,C表示舉例子,只有D表示轉折,對比,故D為正確選項。
20、[答案][C] unreliable
[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20” tester participated in a follow-up activity。該句含義為:在接下來的活動中30個孩子中只有5個孩子與。。。樣的測試者能合作,所以結合上文提到的大部分孩子信任測試者,但是5/30屬于一小部分,大部分對應的是信任,那么小比例的對應的是不信任,所以 tester的修飾詞應該為C,unreliable不可靠的,不可信任的,故C為正確選項。
相關推薦:
2018年考研答案 ※ 2018年考研真題 ※ 考研萬題庫估分
· | 2022考研復試聯(lián)系導師有哪些注意事 | 04-28 |
· | 2022考研復試面試常見問題 | 04-28 |
· | 2022年考研復試面試回答提問方法有 | 04-28 |
· | 2022考研復試怎么緩解緩解焦慮心態(tài) | 04-27 |
· | 2022年考研復試的訣竅介紹 | 04-27 |
· | 2022年考研復試英語如何準備 | 04-26 |
· | 2022年考研復試英語口語常見句式 | 04-26 |
· | 2022年考研復試的四個細節(jié) | 04-26 |
· | 2022考研復試準備:與導師及時交流 | 04-26 |
· | 2022考研復試面試的綜合技巧 | 04-26 |