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　　>>>2018年考研《英語》真題及答案解析匯總

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Section I Use of English

　　Directions：

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

　　Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .

　　In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.

　　Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

　　The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity." Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.

　　1. A. resolve B. protect C. discuss D. ignore

　　2. A. refuse B. wait C. seek D. regret

　　3. A. riseB. lastC. misleadD. hurt

　　4. A. alert B. tie C. expose D. treat

　　5. A. messageB. trialC. reviewD. concept

　　6. A. remove B. weakenC. deliverD. interrupt

　　7. A. Unless B. If C. ThoughD. When

　　8. A. happenB. continueC. disappearD. change

　　9. A. rather thanB. such asC. regardless ofD. owing to

　　10. A. disagreeB. forgiveC. forgetD. discover

　　11. A. payB. marriageC. foodD. schooling

　　12. A. begin withB. rest onC. learn fromD. lead to

　　13.A. withdrawal B. inquiryC. persistenceD. diligence

　　14.A. self-destructiveB. self-reliantC. self-evidentD. self-deceptive

　　15.A. resistB. defineC. replaceD. trace

　　16.A. predictB. overlookC. designD. conceal

　　17. A. rememberB. chooseC. promiseD. pretend

　　18. A. reliefB. planC. outcomeD. duty

　　19.A. whetherB. whyC. whereD. how

　　20. A. limitationsB. investmentsC. strategiesD. consequences

　　答案及解析：

　　1. A. resolve

　　resolve 解決 protect 保護(hù) discuss 討論 ignore忽視

　　聯(lián)系上下文“the need to know”，顯然是人類有解決未知(resolve uncertainty)的內(nèi)在需要。

　　2. C. seek

　　seek to do sth 爭取/設(shè)法去做某事 “人們會(huì)設(shè)法滿足自己的好奇心”

　　3. D. hurt

　　hurt vi 有壞處，帶來痛苦“即使顯然答案會(huì)令人受傷”

　　4. C. expose

　　expose sb/oneself to sth 使某人/自己暴露在……

　　5. B. message

　　message 信息 trial實(shí)驗(yàn) review評(píng)論，復(fù)習(xí) concept 概念

　　Trial與前面experiment對(duì)應(yīng)，后面也是行為實(shí)驗(yàn)中的具體內(nèi)容。

　　6. C. deliver

　　remove 消除 weaken 削弱 deliver 傳遞 interrupt 打斷

　　動(dòng)詞辨析 deliver an electric shock 傳遞一陣電擊

　　7. D. When

　　Unless 除非 If 如果 Though 盡管 When當(dāng)……時(shí)候

　　8. A. happen

　　happen 發(fā)生 continue 持續(xù) disappear 消失 change 改變

　　“students who knew what would happen”與前文“students who did not know……”照應(yīng)

　　9. B. such as

　　rather than 而不是 such as 例如 regardless of 不管，不顧 owing to 因?yàn)?/P>

　　考察語義邏輯 后面明顯是other stimuli的舉例。

　　10. D. discover

　　disagree 不同意 forgive 原諒 forget 遺忘 discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)

　　“人類內(nèi)心根植著發(fā)現(xiàn)的欲望”

　　11. C. food

　　pay 支付 marriage 婚姻 food 事物 schooling上學(xué)

　　food and shelter 為常見搭配，吃住是人類最基本的欲望。

　　12. D. lead to

　　begin with 以…為開始 rest on 依靠，被擱在 learn from 從…上學(xué)習(xí) lead to 引起，導(dǎo)致

　　13. B. inquiry

　　withdrawal 撤出 inquiry 探究，調(diào)查 persistence堅(jiān)持，毅力 diligence勤奮，努力

　　14. B. self-reliant

　　self-destructive 自我毀滅的 self-reliant 自力更生的

　　self-evident 不言而喻的 self-deceptive 自欺的

　　15. A. resist

　　resist 抵制,忍住 define 定義 replace 代替 trace 追蹤

　　根據(jù)however轉(zhuǎn)折，上文說好奇心有時(shí)會(huì)招致毀滅性后果，此處應(yīng)該說 “然而，不良的好奇心是可以忍住的”

　　16. A. predict

　　predict 預(yù)測 overlook 忽視 design 設(shè)計(jì) conceal 隱藏

　　動(dòng)詞辨析題“實(shí)驗(yàn)鼓勵(lì)參與者預(yù)測行為后果”

　　17. B. choose

　　remember 記住 choose 選擇 promise 承諾 pretend 假裝

　　考察語義邏輯和動(dòng)詞辨析“有所預(yù)測的參與者不太可能選擇再看那些圖”

　　18. C. outcome

　　名詞辨析：relief 救濟(jì)，減輕 plan 計(jì)劃 outcome 結(jié)果 duty 職責(zé)

　　19. A. whether

　　Whether 是否

　　考察語義邏輯關(guān)系 “提前想象后果從而決定是否值得做”

　　20. D. consequences

　　limitations 局限 investments 投資 strategies 策略 consequences 后果

　　名詞辨析“思考長期后果是減少好奇心不利影響的關(guān)鍵”，與前文predict the outcome照應(yīng)

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