六、 在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式

　　不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是指有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)后再帶上不定式，作賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。前邊已提到過(guò)，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。

　　1. 有很多這樣的動(dòng)詞可以跟賓語(yǔ)及其(或)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式，如：advise， allow， ask， enable， beg， cause， drive， encourage， expect， forbid， force， hate， get ， intend， invite， like， permit， persuade， pretend， remind， say， teach， tell， trust， urge， want， warn等表示“致使”等意義

　　26) The company manager may enable the men who tend the machines a large panorama(全景) of possibilites.

　　[A] to see[B] see[C] seeing[D] seen

　　27) Did you intend us the new method?

　　[A] to use [B] using [C] our having used [D] the using of

　　28) The teacher encouraged good compositions.

　　[A] us write[B] us writing[C] us to write[D] our wrting

　　2. 在某些成語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如 arrange for， call on， care for， count on， count upon， depend upon， long for， prepare for， prevail upon， rely on， vote for， wait for等后面，也可以跟賓語(yǔ)加不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　We are waiting for the bus to come./ They voted for Wang Gang to be the monitor. / Don't count on me to do that.

　　3. 另外，表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞 see， hear， feel， watch， notice， observe和have， let， make后的賓語(yǔ)可接不帶to的不定式(help后不定式可帶to也可不帶to)

　　29) I often heard him that his family was well descended.

　　[A] said[B] say[C] to say[D] to be said

　　30) We must have a person them build the house.

　　[A] see[B] to see[C] will see[D] shall see

　　31) You would become irritated [A] if you watched [B] the correspondence to pile up [C] on your desk day by day [D] .

　　4. 表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞像consider， declare， find， prove， think， know ， believe， discover， feel(=think)， imagine， judge， pretend， suppose， understand等詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式一般是to be(或動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài))

　　32) “You've been taking a lot of nice photographs.”“Thanks. I'm considering a professional photographer.”

　　[A] becoming[B] about become[C] to become[D] over becoming

　　而且，在consider， declare， find， prove， think等動(dòng)詞后的to be 是可以省去的。如： She considered me a scholar. / They found him gulty.

　　七、不定式的完成式、進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式：這三類在考研題中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高，要特別注意不定式的這三種形式

　　1. 如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與主要謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生或發(fā)生在主要謂語(yǔ)之后，那么用不定式的一般形式

　　He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him.

　　In 1967， he arrived back in England， where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him.

　　After all， eighty was a special birthday， another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.

　　Now suddenly she began to sob， holding herself in as if weeping were a disgrace.

　　2. 如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生在主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或特定的某時(shí)間之前，那么不定式就要用其完成式

　　She feels relaxed to have finished writing her thesis before the deadline.

　　33) The Vikings are believed America.

　　[A] to have discovered[B] in discovering[C] to discover[D] to have been discovered

　　34) The students were to at the auditorium before 1：30 pm， but the lecture was cancelled at the last minute.

　　[A] assembled [B] have assembled [C] assembling [D] be assembled

　　35) He was to the new ambassador， but he fell ill.

　　[A] having telephoned[B] have telephoned[C] has telephoned[D] telephoning

　　3. 不定式進(jìn)行式表示主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生

　　When he came in， I happened to be doing my experiment in the lab.

　　Why do you stand here? You are supposed to be working in the workshop.

　　4. 不定式完成進(jìn)行式表示其動(dòng)詞所代表的動(dòng)作，在主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所代表的動(dòng)作之前一直在進(jìn)行

　　The students from the Department of Sociology are said to have been investigating the possibility of producing the new product.

　　They are quite happy to have been cooperating harmoniously with us till now.

　　八、不定式的被動(dòng)形式

　　當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，這個(gè)不定式要用被動(dòng)式，包括它的一般式和完成式

　　36) Here we found little snow， as most of it seemed blown off the mountain.

　　[A]to have been[B]to be[C]that it was[D]that it had been

　　37) For twelve years， Spanish censorship did not allow Lorca's name or his works .

　　[A] to mention; to be published[B] to be mentioned; to publish

　　[C] being mentioned; being published[D] to be mentioned; to be published

　　38) There is，it seems [A] ， no [B] limit to the satisfaction to be finding [C] in the pursuit of knowledge [D] .

　　九、不定式的否定形式：否定形式是在不定式的標(biāo)志to前邊加not

　　39) that new information to anyone else but the sergeant.

　　[A] They asked him not to give[B] They asked him to don't give

　　[C] They asked him no give[D] They asked him to no give

　　40) Please remember lights on in the future.

　　[A] don't leave [B] not to leave [C] not leaving [D] don't to leave

　　41) The teacher told [A] the students to don't [B] discuss [C] the take�瞙ome exam with each other [D] .

　　十、介詞except和but(作“只有……，只能……”講時(shí))跟不定式結(jié)構(gòu)(but與不帶to的不定式連用)

　　He seldom goes back home except to ask for money from his parents.

　　He did nothing there except watch TV for the whole night.(不帶to的不定式)

　　I had no choice but to stay in bed.

　　Last night I did nothing but prepare my lessons.

　　42) Lots of empty bottles were found under the old man's bed.He must have done nothing but .

　　[A] drink[B] to drink[C] drinking[D] drunk

　　43) When the streets are full of [A] melting [B] snow， you cannot help but getting [C] your shoes wet [D] .

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