2009年成人高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納三：反身代詞

　　一、反身代詞有myself， ourselves， yourselves， himself， herself， themselves， itself.主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)為同一人或物時(shí)，要用反身代詞(否則就不能用反身代詞)，反身代詞也可放在名詞或代詞(主格)后面(也可放在句尾)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用

　　1) All [A] the scouts(童子軍) got theirselves [B] ready for the [C] long camping trip by spending their weekends living [D] in the open.

　　2) Various [A] animals have shells that keep themselves [B] from growing beyond [C] a certain [D] size.

　　3) Benjamin Banneker’s aptitude [A] in mathematics [B] and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself [C] to predict the solar [D] eclipse of 1789.

　　4) The president announced that he himself [A] would act upon [B] the evidence as presented [C] to himself [D] by the congressional committee.

　　5) Garrett [A] Morgan died in Cleveland， Ohio， the city that [A] had awarded himself [B] a gold medal for his devotion [C] to public [D] safety.

　　6) Plants rid them [A] of excess water through [B] transpiration， the evaporation of extra [C] moisture from their [D] leaves.

　　7) When Jonathan went [A] to Spain with his [B] sister， he bought a [C] leather coat for her and another for him [D] .

　　二、例題解析

　　1) B錯(cuò)。 改為themselves.

　　2) B錯(cuò)。B處明顯指代animals，而它前面的主語(yǔ)that卻指代shells，也就是說(shuō)“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)不是同一物，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改為賓格them.

　　3) C錯(cuò)。本句的主語(yǔ)為aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker(在這里它作aptitude的定語(yǔ))，而C處的代詞卻指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”，由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)并非指同一人，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改用賓格him.

　　4) D錯(cuò)。 改為to him.動(dòng)詞“presented”的(邏輯)主語(yǔ)是“evidence”，而不是A處的“he，”所以D“himself”處與C處“presented”的主語(yǔ)“evidence”不一致，所以不能用反身代詞。

　　5) B錯(cuò)。 改為him.同上。

　　6) A錯(cuò)。此處的them指主語(yǔ)plants，rid是及物動(dòng)詞，由于主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)指同一物，故應(yīng)使用反身代詞themselves.

　　7) D錯(cuò)。 改為for himself.