culture shock

　　culture shock is precipitated1 by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. those signs or cues include the thousand and one 2 ways in which we orient3 ourselves to the situation of daily life ; when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people , when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. these cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. all of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.

　　now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. he or she is like a fish out of water4 . no matter how broad-minded5 or full of good will you may be , a series of props6 have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration7 and anxiety. people react to the frustration in much the same way. first they reject the environment which causes the discomfort.“the ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. ”when foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about8 the host country and its people , you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. another phase of culture shock is regression. the home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. to the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. all the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. it usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.

　　some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessive concern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants, the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home.

　　閱讀自測

　�、�. replace the underlined words with the phrases in the passage with the same meaning:

　　1 . culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse .

　　2 . those signs and cues include a lot of ways in which we act.

　　3 . entering a new company with no friends help him, he feels uncomfortable.

　　4 . although living abroad for 5 years, she still feels homesick now and then.

　�、�. question :

　　what are the symptoms of culture shock?

　　參考答案

　　Ⅰ. 1. precipitated 2. the thousand and one 3. like a fish out of water 4 . longing to be back home

　�、�. some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessive 033 concern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants, the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home .

　　參考譯文

　　出門一日難

　　文化休克現(xiàn)象源自焦慮, 焦慮的原因是我們找不到熟悉的社會標(biāo)志及特征。這些標(biāo)志 或暗示包含了許多引導(dǎo)我們適應(yīng)日常生活的方法: 什么時候握手, 與人見面時該說什么話, 什么時候及怎樣給小費, 如何購物, 什么時候接受邀請, 什么時候拒絕邀請, 什么話需要嚴(yán) 肅對待, 什么話不需要。這些暗示可以是話語、手勢、面部表情、風(fēng)俗或者行為準(zhǔn)則, 它們都 是我們在成長的過程中獲得的, 就像我們所說的語言或接受的信仰那樣, 成為我們的文化 的組成部分。為了使心態(tài)平和, 工作高效, 我們大家都依賴于無數(shù)個這樣的暗示, 其中大多 數(shù)的暗示都不是我們有意識地進(jìn)行傳達(dá)的。

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