點(diǎn)擊查看：2018年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解習(xí)題匯總

　　Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to.” says Dr. David.

　　The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis can be _1_ to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal _2_ from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced _3_ to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even _4_ they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5，8 or even more to feel ideally _5_.”

　　Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the _6_ of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least _7_ item on the agenda. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you say you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack _8_ and ambition.”

　　To assess the _9_ of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them. “We’ve found that if you’re sleep-deprived, performance _10_,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is impaired, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”

　　A) consequences B) complexity C) ingenious D) dramatically

　　E) suffers F) tracked G) realize H) expensive

　　I) slightly J) traced K) detaches L) vigorous

　　M) inspiration N) accounts O) drive

　　答案：

　　1.[J]can be表明此處需填入名詞、形容詞或分詞作表語(yǔ)，且能與介詞to搭配。由句子主語(yǔ)The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis(初現(xiàn)睡眠不足)和賓語(yǔ)the invention of the light bulb a century ago(一世紀(jì)前發(fā)明了電燈)，可知此處在探尋睡眠不足的原因。traced“追溯……的發(fā)展”可與to搭配，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。tracked表示“追蹤，跟蹤”時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞，故排除。

　　2.[N]此處需填人personal所修飾的名詞，與句中的diary entries(日記)并列，因此應(yīng)該也是復(fù)數(shù)形式。Personal accounts指“個(gè)人敘述”，符合此處語(yǔ)境。

　　3.[D]此處需填入副詞，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞reduced。根據(jù)空格后between 7.5 and 8 hours,可知相比之前的9.5 hours,睡眠時(shí)間減少了很多，故選用dramatically“顯著地”。

　　4.[G]空格前出現(xiàn)否定助動(dòng)詞don’t,故此處需填入動(dòng)詞原形。上文說(shuō)人們偷走了(cheat on)睡眠時(shí)間，空格前的even “甚至”表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，realize “意識(shí)到”符合句意，表示他們甚至都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。

　　5.[L]此處需填入名詞、形容詞或分詞，作feel的表語(yǔ)。本句意為:他們認(rèn)為睡6.5小時(shí)也沒(méi)有問(wèn)題(okay),而實(shí)際上他們需要睡7.5或8個(gè)小時(shí)，甚至更多才能感覺(jué)……。由前后兩個(gè)時(shí)間的對(duì)比和空格前的ideally(理想地)可知，vigorous“精力充沛的”符合句意。

　　6.[B] the…of結(jié)構(gòu)表明此處需填入名詞。由下文“來(lái)自工作、家庭、朋友及社會(huì)的壓力”，可知填人的名詞表消極含義，故complexily“錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜”符合句意，表示睡眠被無(wú)情奪走的原因是每天各種錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事務(wù)。

　　7.[H]此處需填入名詞、形容詞或分詞，修飾item(項(xiàng)目)。上文提到人們的睡眠時(shí)間越來(lái)越少，由此可知很多人不重視睡眠時(shí)間。空格前的least表示否定,故填入expensive“昂貴的;浪費(fèi)的”。

　　8.[O]此處需填入與ambition(抱負(fù))并列的抽象名詞，作lack的賓語(yǔ)。drive作名詞時(shí)意為“干勁”，符合此處語(yǔ)境，表示“如果你說(shuō)要睡8.5小時(shí)，人們就會(huì)覺(jué)得你缺少干勁和抱負(fù)”。

　　9.[A] the... of結(jié)構(gòu)表明此處需填入名詞。由后文We’ve found that...可知，研究專家做試驗(yàn)的目的是為了知道睡眠不足的后果，consequences指不太好的后果，故為正確答案。

　　10.[E]此處需填入謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由主語(yǔ)performance可知是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)后文提到的Short-term memory is impaired(短期記憶受損)等，可知在sleep-deprived(睡眠不足)的情況下，行為應(yīng)該會(huì)受到不良影響，故 suffers“受損害”符合語(yǔ)境。'

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