2007年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試短文改錯(cuò)沖刺訓(xùn)練(13)

　　本期重點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣

　�、佟�時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

　　在一篇結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語(yǔ)義連續(xù)的短文中，時(shí)態(tài)的使用也應(yīng)該連貫一致，但是英語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間時(shí)，主句和從句時(shí)態(tài)可能不一致，卻仍表明完整正確的意思。這就要求考生對(duì)英語(yǔ)敏感，準(zhǔn)確判斷句中動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。�お豹�

　　②　語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

　　在CET-6綜合改錯(cuò)題中最常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被誤用為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣上有時(shí)不加“被”字也能表示被動(dòng)，因而考生對(duì)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不敏感。另外，不及物動(dòng)詞不能攜帶賓語(yǔ)，因而也就沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。��

　�、郦碧摂M語(yǔ)氣錯(cuò)誤

　　虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用錯(cuò)誤在綜合改錯(cuò)題中主要表現(xiàn)為主句和從句的語(yǔ)氣不協(xié)調(diào)。��

　　考點(diǎn)例析：

　　例1：In the mid-1980s the frequency of infections and deaths started to

　　pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it S8._______

　　came back

　　解析： 這句話的意思是：結(jié)核病在已經(jīng)絕跡的地方又卷土重來(lái)。從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在主 句 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞came之前，所以要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故在vanished前加had。

　　例2：In the ancient world and the Middle Ages philosophers discuss motion. ________

　　解析：此句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是In the ancient world and the Middle Ages，所以謂語(yǔ)要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故將discuss改成discussed。

　　例3：She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. _______

　　解析：句意：當(dāng)她聽(tīng)這個(gè)敘述的時(shí)候，她很生氣沒(méi)有被告知真相。這里“她”是被告訴的對(duì)象，因而telling應(yīng)改為being told。��

　　例4：We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical ___________

　　condition as soon as possible.

　　解析：句中動(dòng)詞suggest之后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故“is”應(yīng)改為“be”或“should be”。類似的動(dòng)詞還有demand,　insist,　order，等等。

　　鞏固與拓展

　　1. Do not send a photo unless specifically requested. If you have to

　　send on ,make sure it is one taking in a professional setting, rather ___________

　　than a holiday snap.

　　2. If the operation have not been planned in advance, a great deal of _________

　　time and miney would have been lost.

　　3. Not only they bring snaks and drinks, but also they __________

　　brought cards for entertainment.

　　4. Scientists have also discarded another old stereotype that almost

　　all dyslexics are boys. Studies indicate that many girls are affecting __________

　　as well and not getting help.

　　5. The Rule here is to keep it factual and Truthful--exaggerations

　　usually get find out. And remember to tailor your CV to each ________

　　different job.

　　綜合訓(xùn)練

　　The white House began to be built in 1792, but it

　　was not completed until ten years later. Every American president lived

　　in it except for George Washington, although he did have a ___1_____

　　majority part in designing it. ____2____

　　The government held a competition to choose the best

　　design for the president"s house. The winner was a young man of ____3___

　　South Carolina, James Hoban. His design was a three-level

　　house of stone. And President Washington made some changes

　　in the winning design. He made the house long and wider, and ____4___

　　changed it into a two-storied house instead of three.��

　　The second president, John Adams, was first to live in the _____5___

　　White House. When he and his wife moved onto the new house ____6____

　　in November, 1800, work was still going on, although the main

　　live area was completed. The whole work did not finish until the ____7____

　　administration of the 3rd president, Thomas Jefferson.��

　　Twelve years later, the British army invaded Washington

　　and burned the White House. The fire completely destroyed the

　　inside of the building and experts said the White House was so ____8____

　　dangerous to live in. Later on workers rebuilt the inside of the

　　White House. More offices were added, most of which underground. ___9____

　　None of the work, however, changed the appearing of ___10_____

　　the building. Many people asked why the president"s house is called

　　the White House. Historians say it has been so called simply because

　　it was painted white.

　　參考答案及解析：

　　鞏固與拓展

　　1. taking -> taken。

　　take在此擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)氖嵌ㄕZ(yǔ)，修飾前面的one(photo)，根據(jù)判斷可知one與take之間應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

　　2. have -> had

　　主句使用“would+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”，可見(jiàn)此處的虛擬語(yǔ)氣和過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反，因此條件句部分要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　3. they前加did

　　Not only位于句首句子部分到裝，由于but also的句子時(shí)態(tài)用了過(guò)去時(shí)，所以前面也要用過(guò)去時(shí)，故在they前加did。

　　4. affecting -> affected

　　5. Find -> found

　　綜合練習(xí)

　　1.for → /��

　　在句子中說(shuō)明前后兩個(gè)相等成份的關(guān)系時(shí)用except，否則用except for。本句是說(shuō)每位美國(guó)總統(tǒng)，除了喬治•華盛頓，都曾在白宮居住過(guò)“Every American president”與“George Washington”為對(duì)等成分，故應(yīng)去掉for。��

　　2.majority → major��

　　majority意為“大多數(shù)”、“半數(shù)以上”，一般后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，而major則為“主要的”。本句意為“華盛頓在設(shè)計(jì)白宮中起了主要作用”，故應(yīng)用major。��

　　3.of → from��

　　要表示一個(gè)人的家鄉(xiāng)在哪里，介詞應(yīng)為from。

　　4.long → longer��

　　本句意思是說(shuō)華盛頓把白宮設(shè)計(jì)得比原來(lái)更長(zhǎng)，更寬了一些。與原來(lái)作比較，long當(dāng)然應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，而且and連接的兩個(gè)形容詞也應(yīng)為對(duì)等成分，既然wider是比較級(jí)，long也應(yīng)為比較級(jí)。��

　　5. was ∧ first → the��

　　the +序數(shù)詞具有名詞意味，在這里the first即表示the first president。

　　6. onto → into��

　　“搬進(jìn)新居”應(yīng)為“move in”或“move into”,move on意為“繼續(xù)前進(jìn)”，而“move onto”則是不存在的。

　　7.live → living��

　　live (a)意為“活著的”，而“l(fā)iving”則是“適于居住的”、“生活的”。the living area意為“適于居住的地區(qū)”。��

　　8. so → too��

　　原文說(shuō)，戰(zhàn)火把樓房的內(nèi)部完全燒毀了，專家們說(shuō)白宮太危險(xiǎn)了，不能居住了，所以后來(lái)工人們才又重修白宮內(nèi)部。“太……太……”應(yīng)為“too…too…”。��

　　9. which ∧ underground → were 或which → them��

　　本句有兩種改法，若想使這部分成為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，則which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子，后面應(yīng)加一個(gè)“were”;若想使這部分為獨(dú)立成分，則改which為them。��

　　10. appearing → appearance��

　　原句意思是說(shuō)，重建白宮的工作并未改變它的外貌。appearing為appear(出現(xiàn))的v. + ing形式，appearance意為“外觀，外貌”。

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