說明文的說明方法除上面介紹的常見的幾種以外，還有諸如分項(xiàng)法、列舉法、比喻法及引用法等，只有綜合運(yùn)用多種說明方法，才能多角度、多層次地全面、清晰、準(zhǔn)確地展示客觀事物的本來面貌。

　　1. 用定義法解釋：

　　CET-4:

　　the Olympic Games:

　　a skeleton in the cupboard:

　　Hope Project:

　　qualifications:

　　2. 用舉例法說明：

　　教育的重要性:

　　當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的危害:

　　成功的方法:

　　健身的種種看法:

　　大學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的方法:

　　3. 用分類法說明：

　　社會(huì)實(shí)踐的方面:

　　課外活動(dòng):

　　大學(xué)生談戀愛的原因:

　　大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的分配情況:

　　食堂的伙食:

　　4. 用比較法說明：

　　留學(xué)的利弊:

　　兼職的好壞:

　　不同的減肥方法:

　　題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)與素質(zhì)教育:

　　5. 用數(shù)字法說明:

　　大學(xué)生的身體狀況:

　　大學(xué)生的就業(yè)現(xiàn)狀:

　　汽油價(jià)格上漲帶來的影響:

　　手機(jī)的使用情況:

　　中國(guó)人住房狀況:

　　6. 借助說明文的構(gòu)思方法，看看下列題目該如何寫：

　　(1)The Layout of a Hospital

　　Direction: You are asked to write a composition about “The Layout Of a Hospital”. Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the picture and information given below. Your compositions should be no less than 100 words.

　　1)the Emergency Department

　　2)the Out-patient Department

　　3)the Surgery Department

　　4)Dispensary/Pharmacy

　　5)Physician Department

　　6)the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department

　　7)the Dental Department

　　8)the Laboratory

　　9)the X-ray Department

　　10)the Administrative Building

　　11)the Ward

　　參考范文

　　Near the gate, on the west side of the road is the Emergency Department. Opposite the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Out-patient Department. The building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary, which faces the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the road. Along the west wall, from south to north, stand three buildings: the Physician Department, the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department, and the Dental Department. The Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about, and beside the Laboratory, the X-ray Department is located on the same side of the road.

　　A winding road by the lake leads to the Ward. Near the end of the main road, the Administrative Building is situated on the east side. The hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.

　　1. How to Lose Weight

　　思路提示：第一段先綜述現(xiàn)象：大家都想保持身材要求減肥。第二段介紹多余的體重在身體中形成的原因。第三段提出相應(yīng)的減肥方法。在最后一段，提出總結(jié)性的看法，指出減肥的要訣就是：減少攝入的卡路里，通過運(yùn)動(dòng)增加卡路里的消耗量。

　　參考范文

　　How to Lose Weight

　　A beautiful and healthy figure is everyone’s dream. However, not everyone can easily fulfill this dream. Overweight people often have to find precise ways to lose weight.

　　For normal healthy people, weight is gained by taking in more calories than the body needs. Therefore, if you want to lose weight, you either have to eat fewer calories or find ways to use up more calories you take in. Dieting is probably the most popular way of losing weight, because when on a diet, you are taking fewer calories.

　　However, the body needs many elements in order to stay healthy, and “fad” or starvation diets are bad because they are not nutritiously balanced. A better way of dieting is to keep track of everything you eat, either by your own careful choices or by buying, for a week at a time, the packaged meals sold by some diet companies. If you do not normally exercise, you should also begin sensible exercises for your age and lifestyle to help your body use up surplus calories.

　　In short, a combined effort of reducing the calories you eat and using up more calories than usual through exercises should help you shed off part of your body.

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