教育旨在培養(yǎng)社會需要的各類人才,而非只以考場論英雄。然而,現(xiàn)行教育體制下確實存在考試決定一切的現(xiàn)象,它已造成了太多的負面影響。
Examinations Exert a Negative Influence on Education
Though all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.① They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.
As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of sharp competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop-outs, young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even begun a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?
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行文點評
本文的論述十分精彩,第二段詳盡的論述將論點表述得淋漓盡致。兩個反問句的連續(xù)使用加強了語氣使得論證更有震撼力。第三段中結(jié)合實際論述了考試在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生思維方面的欠缺之處,but否定句式更加強了說服力。
好文妙譯
考試對教育的負面影響
盡管有很多人虔誠地宣稱考試可以測出你掌握的知識,卻有這樣一個普遍的共識,即考試所做的往往與之相悖?荚嚮蛟S是一種測驗記憶力的好方法,或許是測驗在極端壓力下快速工作的訣竅。但是它卻不能說明一個人真正的能力和資質(zhì)。
除了其他目的之外,良好的教育應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練人獨立思維的能力?荚噮s根本做不到這一點。學(xué)生必須學(xué)些什么已由教學(xué)大綱生硬地規(guī)定了下來的東西,這便鼓勵了學(xué)生去死記硬背。考試不但未能激發(fā)學(xué)生去廣泛地閱讀,反而限制了他們的閱讀范圍。它不但未使學(xué)生能夠去追求更多的知識,反而誘導(dǎo)了死記硬背。最成功的應(yīng)試者往往不是受教育最好的人,他們只不過是在應(yīng)付工作壓力的技巧方面最訓(xùn)練有素罷了。
詞匯斟酌
exert vt.盡(力),施加(壓力等),努力 v. 發(fā)揮,竭盡全力
pious a. 虔誠的, 盡責的
knack n. 訣竅
aptitude n. (尤指學(xué)習(xí)能力方面的)才能,能力,資質(zhì),天資
dropout n. 中途退學(xué),輟學(xué)學(xué)生
utter a. 全然的,徹底的,絕對的;vt. 發(fā)出,作聲
syllabus n. 課程提綱,教學(xué)大綱
induce vt. 勸誘,促使,導(dǎo)致
cram v.強行灌輸,死記硬背
佳句臨摹
① 【注釋】it is...that…常見的強調(diào)句式,加強語氣
【臨摹】It is huge sums of money that ( which ) Western health care system are spending on the surgical treatment of the disease. 西方國家醫(yī)療保健機構(gòu)在心臟病的手術(shù)治療上,開支確實是巨大的。
、凇咀⑨尅縧ay down規(guī)定,制定;放下,交出
【臨摹】Lay down the law and tell her you will not stand for this kind of behavior.把話講清楚,告訴她你不會容忍這種行為。
【臨摹】We are never afraid to lay down our lives for the right cause.為了正義的事業(yè)我們絕不怕犧牲自己的生命。
、邸咀⑨尅縩ot…but…不是…而是…
【臨摹】What we concern is not the result of your exam but your attitude toward your study.我們在乎的并不是考試的結(jié)果而是你對學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度。
思如泉涌
Education does not mean teaching people to know what they do not know; it means teaching them to behave as they do not behave.教育不在于使人知其所未知,而在于按其所未行而行。
Education has produced a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth reading.教育造就了一大批人,他們能讀書,但是不能區(qū)別什么書值得讀。
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