2010年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試常用語法精選(24)

　�、�.動名詞

　　1. 某些動詞后要接動名詞

　　某些及物動詞后能用動名詞而不能用不定式作賓語，其中最常用動詞的有admit, avoid, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, involve, imagine, can’t help, mind, miss, postpone, practise, prevent, quit, resent, risk, resist, suggest等。

　　She suggested spending another day in the mountain area.

　　There’s no way to escape doing the work.

　　She is considering asking her employer for a rise.

　　Note:

　�、� 在need、want、require、deserve等動詞后的動名詞相當(dāng)于不定式的被動式

　　The clock needs/wants repairing. (=The clock needs/wants to be repaired)

　　The disabled deserve respecting. (=The disabled deserve to be respected.)

　�、� 在like、hate、prefer等動詞后,如果表示一般傾向,則用動名詞作賓語;如果指具體的某次發(fā)生在將來的行動，則要用不定式。

　　I like reading books of this kind, but I don’t like to read that book.

　　She prefers walking to cycling.

　　I prefer to stay at home today.

　�、� 在remember、forget、regret等動詞后,如果用動名詞作賓語，則表示該賓語的動作發(fā)生在動詞謂語的動作之前;如果用不定式作賓語，則表示賓語的動作發(fā)生在動詞謂語的動作之后

　　I remembered locking the door. (=I remembered that I had locked the door.)

　　I remembered to lock the door (=I remembered that I was to lock the door.)

　　I regret telling you about it. (=I regret that I told you about it.)

　　I regret to tell you he has fallen ill. (=I regret that I am to tell you he has fallen ill.)

　　2. 動名詞作介詞的賓語

　　動名詞可作介詞的賓語，與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作定語、狀語或表語。

　　His dream of becoming a successful writer has come true.

　　She left without saying goodbye to us.

　　動名詞作介詞的賓語常用在某些詞組后面。這類常用的詞組主要有：be accustomed to, believe in, confess to, dream of, feel like, give up, insist on, be interested in, look forward to, object to, have an (no) objection to, pay attention to, put off, be responsible for, succeed in, be tired of, be (get) used to, worry about,等。

　　He is used to living on his own.

　　He has made up his mind to give up smoking.

　　3. 帶邏輯主語的動名詞

　　動名詞可以有邏輯主語，其構(gòu)成形式為“名詞或代詞的所有格+動名詞”。帶邏輯主語的動名詞又稱為動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中用作主語,賓語,表語和介詞的賓語。在非正式語體中，如果動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語，也可以賓格來充當(dāng)動名詞的邏輯主語。但考生需注意的是，在各種英語測試中，專家們?nèi)詧猿衷谡�式語體中用代詞的所有格來作動名詞的邏輯主語。

　　Your driving a car to New York took longer than I expected.

　　I appreciated her devoting herself to the cause of education.

　　Your mother will be astonished at your coming home so late.

　　What we felt uneasy about was Li Ming’s having too much confidence in himself.