2010年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試常用語(yǔ)法精選(21)

　　I was seeing a car passing by our house. (誤)

　　I saw a car passing by our house. (正)

　　3) 表示擁有的動(dòng)詞，如have, own, possess, belong, contain, hold等。

　　He is owning a luxurious car. (誤)

　　He owns a luxurious car. (正)

　　The book is belonging to her. (誤)

　　The book belongs to her.(正)

　　4) 表示思想狀況、態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞，如believe, think, know, understand, agree, approve, consider, expect, forget, guess, hesitate, hope, imagine, mean, realize, remember, suppose, trust, want, wish等。

　　I’m thinking that he is right. (誤)

　　I think that he is right. (正)

　　I’m understanding your feelings. (誤)

　　I understand your feelings. (正)

　　5) 表示情感、愿望的動(dòng)詞，如admire, appreciate, care, enjoy, like, love, hate, detest, regret等。

　　He is loving his daughter very much. (誤)

　　He loves his daughter very much. (正)

　　I’m regretting to say we cannot come. (誤)

　　I regret to say we cannot come. (正)

　　3. 時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)

　　時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)又稱時(shí)態(tài)一致(Sequence of Tenses)，指的是某些從句里的動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)必須和主句里的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。

　　如果主句里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)(過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí))，那么從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)也相應(yīng)地要用過去時(shí)。時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)主要發(fā)生在間接引語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句中，但其他從句有時(shí)也存在時(shí)態(tài)一致的問題。

　　--He explained that he had learned Chinese for many years.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí))

　　--He said he had been collecting materials on that subject for a long time.(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成進(jìn)行時(shí))

　　--He told me that they would have completed that project by the end of the year.(將來(lái)完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來(lái)完成時(shí))

　　雖然主句用了過去時(shí)等，如果從句表示的是科學(xué)真理、客觀事實(shí)或某人(物)的經(jīng)常性特點(diǎn)時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)可以不必遵守時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的規(guī)則而仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　--Galileo proved that the earth revolves round the sun.

　　--The teacher told the students that knowledge is power.

　　如果從句中有一個(gè)表示絕對(duì)過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，就不必把一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)。

　　--He said that he joined the Red Army in 1933.