必讀：英語四級考試易犯的英語語法錯誤

　　1 . Sentence fragments

　　Make sure each word group you have punctuated as a sentence contains a grammatically complete and independent thought that can stand alone as an acceptable sentence.

　　我經常看到句子成分不全，或者兩個句子不加任何連詞的用在一起的情況，出現這種情況的原因有兩個：

　　1是句子太長，把作者自己搞暈了

　　2是有些人還不清楚兩個完整的句子不能排在一起而不加任何連詞。

　　還有一種情況是一個完整的單句帶有有連詞，卻沒有主句�；蛘邔⒁粋�主從句斷裂開了。第二個例句就是此類。

　　Sentence Fragment

　　Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

　　改正：

　　Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the cloth contains the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

　　原句：

　　Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption. Although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

　　改正：

　　Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption, although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

　　2. Sentence sprawl

　　Too many equally weighted phrases and clauses produce tiresome sentences.

　　過尤不及，雖然我們強調句子要有一定的復雜性，但是實際上老米教授、專家從來不主張過長的句子，讀者也不愛看。不過，要達到精確而又不啰嗦的表達，的確是有難度的。

　　Sentence sprawl

　　The hearing was planned for Monday, December 2, but not all of the witnesses could be available, so it was rescheduled for the following Friday, and then all the witnesses could attend.

　　[There are no grammatical errors here, but the sprawling sentence does not communicate clearly and concisely.]

　　改正：

　　The hearing, which had been planned for Monday, December 2, was rescheduled for the following Friday so that all witnesses would be able to attend.

　　3. Misplaced and dangling modifiers

　　Place modifiers near the words they describe; be sure the modified words actually appear in the sentence.

　　Misplaced or Dangling Modifier

　　When writing a proposal, an original task is set for research.(錯位)

　　改正：

　　When writing a proposal, a scholar sets an original task for research.

　　原句

　　Many tourists visit Arlington National Cemetery, where veterans and military personnel are buried every day from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m.

　　本句最后是一個dangling modifer懸虛的修飾成分，讓人產生誤解，此成分應該靠近發(fā)出動作的人或物

　　改正：

　　Every day from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m., many tourists visit Arlington National Cemetery, where veterans and military personnel are buried.

　　4. Faulty parallelism

　　Be sure you use grammatically equal sentence elements to express two or more matching ideas or items in a series.

　　平行結構是很容易出錯的，在托福語法中也是出題點，這種錯誤很容易被忽視。英語我們的是非母語，在語感上來識別錯誤的可能就降低了。寫作和檢查的時候注意主胃、動賓的搭配、一致，主動被動的轉換。

　　Faulty parallelism

　　The candidate‘s goals include winning the election, a national health program, and the educational system.

　　改正：

　　The candidate‘s goals include winning the election, enacting a national health program, and improving the educational system.

　　原句：

　　Some critics are not so much opposed to capital punishment as postponing it for so long.

　　改正：

　　Some critics are not so much opposed to capital punishment as they are to postponing it for so long.

　　相關鏈接：備考四六級考試：英語單詞決不能“死記硬背”

　　　　　　　從2008年6月四級考試完形填空看完形解題技巧

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