新東方：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)強(qiáng)化班筆記—閱讀

　　第一節(jié)(綜述)

　　² 原文重現(xiàn)：原文告訴你選什么，你就應(yīng)該選什么，不能憑感覺和想象。

　　² 盡量少讀：六級(jí)更多的對(duì)點(diǎn)出題，而不是對(duì)面出題。

　　所有句子都認(rèn)識(shí)，但不知道整段的意思。But, Yet, However 轉(zhuǎn)折連詞后面是重點(diǎn)，�？键c(diǎn)做題是要?jiǎng)澫聛怼?/P>

　　六級(jí)題型：

　　1. 主旨題(Sum Up/Title)--看文章每段第一句(抓大放小，找最重要的，看每段的第一句)，但是當(dāng)文章的段落特別多時(shí)不適應(yīng)。

　　24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?

　　A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.

　　B) Labour and the effects of automation.

　　C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.

　　D) Social benefits of automation.

　　注：文章三段第一句都出現(xiàn)automation，兩段出現(xiàn)labour，因此這兩個(gè)詞是重點(diǎn)，必然在選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)。

　　Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the "Second Industrial Revolution".

　　注：refers to 指的是(對(duì)前面的詞下定義)

　　Labour's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.

　　注：labour 雇員(即employee)

　　concern [U]: (concern over/for/about sth./sb.) worry, anxiety

　　To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.

　　注：union 工會(huì)，聯(lián)盟，和雇員有關(guān)

　　2. 詞匯題--找詞所在句子關(guān)系

　　轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。例如：六級(jí)很難，但是……，找轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But, Yet, However。

　　并列關(guān)系。例如：A and B，問A就把B內(nèi)容填進(jìn)去。六級(jí)中and前后一定是一致的。

　　解釋關(guān)系。用because和從句in which等聯(lián)系。

　　例如：

　　30. "An identifying figure" (Line 2, Para. 5) refers to a person ______.

　　A) who serves as a model for others

　　B) who is always successful

　　C) who can be depended upon

　　D) who has been rewarded for his success

　　(文章前四段省略)

　　Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.

　　注：把握and前后是并列關(guān)系。(榜樣就是別人敬仰的人)記住不要多讀!!!多讀會(huì)選錯(cuò)!

　　3. 細(xì)節(jié)題--(針對(duì)原文的一點(diǎn)、一句話、一個(gè)詞組)直接細(xì)節(jié)、推理題(因果推理找as/because/since和暗示題imply)

　　例如：

　　推理題：31. It is implied that fifty years ago ____________ .

　　A) eighty percent of American working people were employed in factories

　　B) twenty percent of American intellectuals were employees

　　C) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers

　　D) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers(反推)

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