在文章中，作者總是要通過許多具體內(nèi)容(Details)來說明、解釋、證明或分析文章的主題思想。在通讀全文、掌握了文章主題思想的基礎(chǔ)上，讀者還應(yīng)該抓住闡述和發(fā)展主題思想的主要事實(shí)，或者按要求找出特定細(xì)節(jié)，這是通過閱讀獲取信息的重要能力在通讀全文的過程中，我們要特別注意涉及who, what, when, where和why均可找到回答。但是，需要注意的是，這些問題的表述常常不是采用文章中的原話，而是使用同義的詞語(yǔ)來進(jìn)行提問。 因此，在回答此類問題時(shí)，首先要認(rèn)真審題看清問題提問的是什么。然后，根據(jù)所涉及到的問題，快速掃視到文章中相應(yīng)的部分，找到與答題內(nèi)容相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞或短語(yǔ)，再細(xì)讀一、兩遍。在確信理解了原文的基礎(chǔ)上來確定正確答案。在查到的關(guān)鍵詞句下面應(yīng)劃線，以引起注意，便于記憶與復(fù)查。此外，如果回答此類問題需要讀者具有一定的背景知識(shí)，那也只是最基本的常識(shí)。因此，切勿脫離文中內(nèi)容而根據(jù)自己的想像或其它來源的知識(shí)來選擇答案。

　　在回答此類問題時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)問題：

　　一、當(dāng)問及時(shí)間、距離以及其它用數(shù)字表示的細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，有時(shí)需要進(jìn)行計(jì)算方能得出答案。此時(shí)要把計(jì)算過程簡(jiǎn)單列出，不可隨意心算一下即確定答案。

　　例一：Directions: Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each question.

　　The Flag of the U.S. — The Stars and Stripes

　　The history of the flag of the U. S. has become so cluttered by myth that hardly any facts can be established. One thing all agree on is that the Stars and Stripes originated as the result of a resolution adopted by Congress June 14, 1777. It read:Resolved: that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes,alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.

　　The flag of 1777 was used until 1795. Then, on the admission of Vermont and Kentucky to the Union, Congress passed an act that after May 1, 1795, the flag should have 15 stripes and 15 stars.

　　When new states were admitted it became evident that the flag would become burdened with stripes. Congress thereupon ordered that after July 4, 1818, the flag should have 13 stripes, symbolizing the 13 original states; that the union have 20 stars, and that whenever a new state was admitted a new star should be added on the July 4 following the admission.

　　The 50 — star flag of the United States was raised for the first time officially on July 4, 1960, at Fort McHenry in Baltimore. The 50th star had been added for Hawaii, a year earlier the 49th, for Alaska. Before that, no star had been added since 1912, when New Mexico and Arizona were admitted to the Union.

　　1) Since 1777, the U.S. flag has changed its design ___________ .

　　(A) twice

　　(B) 3 times

　　(C) 5 times

　　(D) more than 5 times

　　2) In 1912, before July 4, the U. S. flag had ___________ .

　　(A) 15 stars

　　(B) 20 stars

　　(C) 46 stars

　　(D) 48 stars

　　3) The 49th and 50th states to join the U.S.A. were, in their correct order, ___________ .

　　(A) Alaska and Hawaii

　　(B) Hawaii and Alaska

　　(C) New Mexico and Arizona

　　(D) Arizona and New Mexico

　　4) Congress decided in 1818 that the U.S. flag should have 13 stripes because ___________ .

　　(A) since 1777 it had always had 13 stripes

　　(B) since 1777 it had always had more than 13 stripes.

　　(C) In 1818 there were only 13 states in the Union of the U.S.A.

　　(D) At the founding of the Union of the U.S.A. there had been only 13 states.

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