英語四級閱讀技巧--事實細節(jié)題解題規(guī)律

例題：

CET4 1999 年1月第2篇
  President Coolide's statgnent,"The business of America is b11sines,"still point to an important truth today --that business institution have more prestige(威望)in American society than any other kind of organization,including the government.

Q:The statement "The business of America is business"probably means__.
  [A]the business institution in America are concerned with commerce
  [B]business problems are of great importance to the American governmenthinmis
  [C]business is of primary concern to Americans
  [D]Aameric is a great power in world business

正確答案是 [C]
    根據(jù)引號及其內(nèi)容很快找到原文相關(guān)部分，其后的破折號必是對該句的解釋。因此考生不必在原文所引內(nèi)容的兩個busine為何意上絞盡腦汁，只須理解破折號后內(nèi)容，其意思是：美國商業(yè)機構(gòu)在美國社會中享有的威望比包括政府在內(nèi)的其他所有機構(gòu)都要高。這個意思與選項 [C]中的"primary concern"(頭等大事)相對應(yīng)，故選[C]。 
    如果題目只是針對某一段的內(nèi)容提間，可只看該段內(nèi)容即可答題，而不必等到把文章全看完才做。

    例題：    CET6 2002年12月第29題
  In fact,the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states; average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today.But,as most studies show,every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims.And with so much more money floating in the workers' compensation system,it's not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.

Q:After 1972 workers'compensation insurance in the U.S became more favorable to workers so that___.
  [A]the poverty level for a family of four went up drastically
  [B]more money was allocated to their compensation system
  [C]there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claims
  [D]the number of workers suing for damages increased

    正確答案是 [D]
    根據(jù)題干中的"after 1972"可馬上判斷出線索在最后一段。這一段的大意是說自1972年后，越來越多的人因工傷索賠而獲益，所以越來越多的人就進行索賠，那么也就有醫(yī)生和律師也來分一杯羹。尤其第二句話提到：索賠獲益每增加10個百分點，進行索賠的工人人數(shù)就增加了5個百分點，與[D]一致。

     選項中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案項，而同義詞替換的選項一般是答案。

    例題：CET4 1997年6月第3篇
  Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31a.m.on a holiday when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition,changes made to the constructions codes in Los Angeles during the last 2O years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways,making them more resistant to earthquake.

Q:One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that____.
  [A]new computers had been installed in the buildings
  [B]it occurred in the residential rather than on the highways
  [C]large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
  [D]improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways

    正確答案是 [D]
    在四個選項中[C]項和[D]都與原文有關(guān)。但[C]達似乎照抄原文“the quake occurred…on a holiday”，但實際上是對原文的曲解。原文中并沒有說大多Los Angeles的居民們外出度假了，只是說了當時的交通情況。而選項[D]中的improvement 是對“change made to the construction codes”的解釋，是change在該文中的同義替換詞，因此[D]是正確答案。 

    選項中表達意義較具體，或膚淺地表達了字面意思的，一般不是答案項，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項。

    例題：CET4 2000年1月第1篇
  Is it worth it?Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1)How likely the event is;and 2)How bad the consequences are if the event occurs.Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might srike Earth once every 500,000 years.

Q:What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?
  [A]It is very unlikely but the danger exists.
  [B]Such a collision might occur every 25 years.
  [C]Collidons d smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.
  [D]It's still ear1y to say whether such a collision might occur.

    正確答案是 [A]
    依據(jù)節(jié)選文中最后一句可知雖然小行星每 50 萬年才撞擊地球一次 , 但此事總是有可能發(fā)生的。在四個選項中 , 只有 [A] 項 " 小行星與地球碰撞的可能性不大 , 但這種危險是存在的 " 最具概括性。因此 [A] 項正確。

    選項內(nèi)容與其他三項有較大差別的 , 可能為答案。
    例題：CET4 1996年6月第3篇
  Most our patients(注:指上文中提到的terminally iil patients) welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly,honestly,and frankly about their trouble.Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed,to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near.

Q:The need of a dying patient for company shows____.
  [A]his desire for communication with other people
  [B]his fear of approaching death
  [C]his pessimistic attitude towards his condition
  [D]his reluctance to part with his family

    正確答案是 [A]
    若時間不充分，在緊急狀態(tài)下，對四個選項進行對比后可發(fā)現(xiàn)選項[A]內(nèi)容與眾不同，其他三 項均表明了對死亡來臨時悲觀的心情，如恐懼、悲觀、不情愿等，只有[A]表明了渴望與他人交流的意愿。當然若時間充分可對原文相關(guān)部分進行分析， 以選文第一句為例，其意為：多數(shù)病人想與他人坦誠地談?wù)勛约旱穆闊┖屠Щ蟆Ｓ纱丝梢姡�這是一種對交流的渴望，因而選[A]。