英語四級考試完形填空沖刺策略

　    完形填空實際上就是考查同學們的閱讀理解能力和掌握單詞、句型的能力。在最后的沖刺時間里，希望大家堅持對所有與閱讀相關的題型進行“超精讀”。
　　舉2003年1月的四級考試完形填空作為例子，請大家仔細揣摩。(括號內黑體部分為作者注釋)　Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
　　A language is a signaling system (這里對語言下個一個定義,類似的句型還有: A language refers to / is defined as) which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (語聲), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.

　　Let’s look at this 61 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 62 distinguishes man from the rest of the 63 world. (61題this definition指代第一句話的內容; it is language that是強調句. 下面一段第一句other animals 暗示了63題填animal distinguish from 表示對比概念. 大家都知道,對比型文章在閱讀,完形和改錯中都經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),所以必須首先掌握這類文章的一些詞匯特征,解題的時候也要注意對比概念. 表示對比概念的詞匯手段很多,舉幾個例子: distinct from / differ from / different from / similar to / dissimilar from / in contrast to / on the contrary / as opposed to / while / whereas / but / however 等等)
　　Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 64 of cries: (本句也可以變?yōu)镮t is true that other animals communicate with….., 那為什么要寫成本文這樣呢.如果能知道，大家對英文的理解為更深刻. 這里以other animals 為主語, 使本句話與上一段最后一句銜接更緊密, 因為animals是上句中出現(xiàn)過的概念. 舉個作文的例子,很多同學寫作文的時候句子之間缺乏coherence, 比如: He got off the plane. Reporters surrounded him. 這兩句話雖然沒錯,但是最好改為:He got off the plane. He was surrounded by reporters 或He got off the plane and was surrounded by reporters)for example, many birds utter 65 calls at the approach of danger; (65題warning和danger相關) monkeys utter 66 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 67 these various (various 暗示了66題答案) means of communication differ in important ways 68 human language. (67，68題都涉及到對比概念) For instance, animals’ cries do not 69 thoughts and feelings clearly. (69題除了用express以外,也可以用convey) This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 70 us to divide a human utterance into 71 .
　　We can change an utterance by 72 one word in it with 73 : a good illustration of this (舉例好句型) is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, 74 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 75 means “danger!” (73題很重要，大家看看replace 的核心意思是不是change, by這個詞表示方法,通過什么來改變,四個選項只有replace與 change相關)