考試吧：2011年12月英語四級真題答案解析

　　Reading Comprehension閱讀匯總

　　答案&解析

　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

　　1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.

　　A) sticks to them in their daily life

　　B) makes them known to others

　　C) understands their true values

　　D)sees that others also follow them

　　【答案】A) sticks to them in their daily life

　　【解析】第一題的答案就在全文第一句。關鍵詞是not only…. But also…. ，關鍵句是The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. 這里的live up to 和 選項里的 stick to 屬于同義替換。

　　2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?

　　A) It helps to create team spirit

　　B) It facilitates communication

　　C) It is the basis of mutual trust

　　D) It inspires mutual respect

　　【答案】C) It is the basis of mutual trust

　　【解析】關鍵詞是personal and professional，關鍵句是Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.

　　結(jié)合緊接著的問句，我們很容易鎖定trust這個選項。

　　3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take?

　　A. To ensure we make responsible choices.

　　B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.

　　C. so that we don’t break any rules.

　　D. so that we don’t run into trouble.

　　【答案】A. To ensure we make responsible choices.

　　【解析】關鍵詞是identify the risks，關鍵句是Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. 所以答案很明顯是A。

　　4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?

　　A. it has caused no harm.

　　B. it is claimed to be unintentional.

　　C. it has gone unnoticed.

　　D. it is committed with good intentions.

　　【答案】B. it is claimed to be unintentional.

　　【解析】關鍵詞是misconduct，關鍵句是But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. 和原文意義高度一致的，就是這個unintentional。因此答案是：B. it is claimed to be unintentional.

　　5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?

　　A. Avoid making excuses.

　　B. Listen to other people’s advice.

　　C. Make his intensions public.

　　D. Have others watch over his shoulder.

　　【答案】A. Avoid making excuses.

　　【解析】關鍵詞是fool oneself，關鍵句是To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test這里的watch out for 和 選項里的avoid屬于同義替換。所以答案是A。

　　6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.

　　A. will often become more cautious

　　B. are usually very aggressive

　　C. value immediate benefits most.

　　D. may lose everything in the end

　　【答案】C. value immediate benefits most.

　　【解析】關鍵詞是regret later，關鍵句是Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me")。很明顯，選項 value immediate benefits most 是正確答案。這里的value 和 focus on 屬于同義替換。

　　7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.

　　A) pay more dearly

　　B) become more confident

　　C) be widely admired

　　D) feel somewhat lucky

　　【答案】A) pay more dearly

　　【解析】關鍵詞是get caught，關鍵句是Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. 這里的higher price 和選項里的more dearly 屬于同義替換。所以答案是A。

　　8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to steal a grade.

　　【答案】steal a grade

　　【解析】關鍵詞：care about

　　關鍵句：I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others."

　　9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.

　　【答案】honesty and good faith

　　【解析】關鍵詞是rely on，關鍵句是We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day.

　　10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.

　　【答案】the Watergate scandal

　　【解析】關鍵詞是political and economic leaders，關鍵句是Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole.

　　Section A

　　47 growth

　　48 stable

　　49 challenges

　　50 certainly

　　51 role

　　52 combined

　　53 significant

　　54 included

　　55 comprise

　　56 solutions

　　【解析】這是一篇討論能源資源的說明文，話題是考生比較熟悉的能源問題，不斷增長的人口與可再生資源的矛盾該如何解決。文中指出能源的一些可替代形式如生物能源、風能太陽能等可再生資源將在未來發(fā)揮越來越重要的作用。但是專家指出，即使這些資源儲備量驚人，但是到2050年也只能滿足世界30%的需求。文章最后兩段探討了各能源在市場上的需求，以及解決未來能源需求的其他方案。

　　總體來說，這篇文章理解難度不大，填空難度適中，所選詞匯也都是四級考綱的詞匯。選項較具有干擾項，多為c和s開頭的單詞，考生在考試時要特別注意。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely

　　58, A perform relatively better

　　59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need

　　60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

　　61, C They have sharper vision

　　【解析】這篇文章針對傳統(tǒng)的男女生一起上學，一起接受教育提出了質(zhì)疑。作者從文章一開頭就表明了自己的看法：對于男生而言，單性教育，即男生們一起上學會對男生的身心發(fā)展更為有利。文中出現(xiàn)一個短語，received wisdom，即是“人們普遍的看法，公認的看法”。也是作者所批判的一種觀點。傳統(tǒng)觀點認為，男生和女生混合教育會對男生發(fā)展更有利。

　　但是作者認為單性教育對男生有以下幾個好處：可以讓男生們更自由地表達自己的情感，可以學習自己感興趣的藝術，舞蹈，音樂等學科。不用去遵守人們在傳統(tǒng)印象中對男生的期盼。而且單性教育可以針對男生的身心發(fā)展特點而制定學習計劃。

　　并且作者覺得，目前英國教育把女生當做關注重點，忽視了對男生的重視。

　　Passage Two

　　62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.

　　63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.

　　64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise

　　65. D. men and women view money in different ways.

　　66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship.

　　【解析】這是一篇關于金錢對夫妻關系的影響的文章。文中第一段主要通過度假這件事來體現(xiàn)不同人對待金錢的不同態(tài)度。作者認為人只能活一次，如果不能去度假的話，那么工作再努力也沒有意義。第二段主要談到了大蕭條時期，不太良好的經(jīng)濟狀況常常會影響夫妻關系，可能會導致爭吵，甚至會導致離婚或者分居的成本增加，對夫妻感情造成傷害。第三段講了Kim Stephenson，一個心理學家的觀點，即男人和女人對待金錢的態(tài)度是不一樣的，男人把金錢看作是得到社會地位的途徑，看作向父母展現(xiàn)自己成功的一種方式。第四段，作者建議夫妻可以對金錢持有不同的觀點，但是不可以對它采取回避的態(tài)度，避而不談。

　　相對來說，這篇文章的難度比較大。文章看懂并不難，但是題目中，推理題和大意題比較多，需要在充分理解作者意圖，了解文章主旨的基礎上，才能選出正確答案。